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Yeni BM Gıda Görünümü Raporu’na Göre “Dünyanın En Savunmasız İnsanları Daha Az Gıda İçin Daha Fazla Ödüyor”

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Küresel gıda ithalat faturasının bu yıl 1,8 trilyon ABD doları tutarında yeni bir rekora ulaşma yolunda ilerlediği ancak Birleşmiş Milletler Gıda ve Tarım Örgütü (FAO) tarafından yayınlanan yeni bir rapora göre, beklenen artışın büyük kısmını hacimler değil yüksek fiyatlar ve nakliye maliyetleri oluşturuyor.

FAO sonuncu Gıda Görünümü Raporunda, “Endişe verici bir şekilde, birçok kırılgan ülke daha fazla para ödüyor ancak daha az gıda alıyor” dedi. Küresel gıda ithalat faturasının 2021’e kıyasla 51 milyar dolar daha fazla olacağı ve bunun 49 milyar dolarının daha yüksek fiyatları yansıtacağı da tahminler arasında. En Az Gelişmiş Ülkeler‘in (EAGÜ) bu yıl gıda ithalat faturalarında %5 daralma yaşaması beklenirken, Sahra Altı Afrika ve Net Gıda İthal Eden Gelişmekte Olan Ülkeler grubunun ithalat hacimlerindeki azalmaya rağmen toplam maliyetlerde artış kaydetmesi bekleniyor.

Yayımlanan raporda, ”Bunlar, gıda güvenliği açısından endişe verici işaretler olup, ithalatçıların artan uluslararası maliyetleri finanse etmekte zorlanacaklarını ve potansiyel olarak daha yüksek fiyatlara karşı dayanıklılıklarının sona ereceğini gösteriyor” şeklinde vurgu yapıldı.

Öte yandan Gıda Görünümü‘nün baş editörü FAO ekonomisti Upali Galketi Aratchilage, “Artan girdi fiyatları, hava durumuyla ilgili endişeler ve Ukrayna’daki savaştan kaynaklanan artan piyasa belirsizlikleri göz önüne alındığında, FAO’nun son tahminleri, gıda piyasalarında olası bir daralmaya ve gıda ithalat faturalarının yeni bir rekor seviyeye ulaştığına işaret ediyor” dedi.

FAO, gıda ithalatına en çok bağımlı olan düşük gelirli ülkelerin gıda güvenliğini korumak için bir strateji olarak ödeme dengesi desteği sağlamak için bir Gıda İthalatı Finansman Kolaylığı önerisini sundu.

Yılda iki kez yayınlanan Gıda Görünümü raporu, FAO’nun tahıllar, yağlı ürünler, şeker, et ve süt ürünleri ve balıklar da dahil olmak üzere dünyanın başlıca gıda maddeleri için piyasa arz ve talep eğilimlerine ilişkin incelemelerini sunuyor. Diğer açıdan rapor, vadeli işlem piyasalarındaki eğilimleri ve gıda emtiası için nakliye maliyetlerini de içeriyor. Yeni raporda ayrıca, yakıt ve gübre gibi tarımsal girdiler için artan fiyatların rolünü ve Ukrayna’daki savaşın küresel gıda emtia piyasaları için yarattığı riskleri inceleyen iki özel bölüm de bulunuyor.

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